Ghana Beyond Aid: A Concept for the Astute

 

When President Akuffo-Addo first pronounced his vision of Ghana beyond Aid before an international gathering, my immediate reaction was you must first rid Ghanaians of the dependency mentality. I should have twittered him that line. The vision can be likened to an academic paper. A coherent one has a controlling idea summarized in a mature thesis statement, which is broadened through major themes/ideas stated through topic sentences. The themes/ideas are logically developed, strategically supported through cohesive, related sentences. A paper that follows those rules achieves unity of thought.

Ghana beyond aid is this Leadership’s controlling idea, the rationale being eventual assertive people whose intelligence and acquired knowledge empower them to decide what they want/need and pursue such through responsible, effective and sustainable use of resources. The ultimate outcome of an autonomous, Ghanaian society is possible only though ingenious human capital. Sadly, many Ghanaians – politicians, intellectuals, lay, clergy, youth, old – wittingly or unwittingly have failed to grasp the concept.

Major policies expected to propel Ghana towards that vision include gender-equity education, digitization, industrialization, environmentally friendly measures, and technology that strategically supports teaching/learning and lends currency to industrial operations, to mention these. Utilizing tax to fund basic and secondary education would help Ghana to raise quality human capital. Information Communication Technology continues to impact education and channel global development, so the policy of digitization is expected to bring currency to education and reforms to fuel quality learning/training as well as diversely sanitize operations across all sectors, bring quality service and convenience to Ghanaians. Global warming is endangering humanity, so environmental issues constitute a key policy, one major element of which is fighting illegal mining to protect natural resources. It requires a holistic perception to appreciate the high level of governance rolled out in the last five years, amidst severest of constrains. Indeed, governance is a negotiation between government and the governed.

Policies initiated by the Executive are implemented by public and civil services and the private sectors; such roll out policies through strategic analysis, planning and localization of initiated policies. Digitization is already yielding dividends; interoperability has transformed business transactions and brought desired convenience to the Ghanaian consumer. If all the sectors zealously tapped the policy, the benefits would be even greater. One hopes for expedited action to compel all sectors to align public services to the policy to reduce exploitation and tax evasion.

However, development does not occur without cost to citizens. Across the world, quality services are offered to citizens at a huge price: Taxation. Pragmatic Ghanaians know that governance is hinged on taxation, and those who earn higher income pay higher taxes. To wit, improved services attract higher taxation, which rate is determined by the existing level of productivity. Low productivity and a small tax bracket equate high taxation – Ghana’s reality. The citizens who have enjoyed free services in the past five years are raising a hue and cry over new and increased taxes with the lame excuse that they did not ask for such services, they are poor. Well, government needs taxes to provide environment that reduces poverty.

Many citizens wilfully, unremorsefully commit atrocities against the environment, which poor actions spiral off human suffering and environmental degradation, culminating in increased state expenditure and high cost of living that deepen residents’ poverty. Gullibility renders many residents susceptible to exploitation. Ghanaians’ debilitating mindset that they are entitled to reward without work continues to drain national coffers, replenished through high taxation. Instead of throwing punches, this hung parliament should conscientiously negotiate for the most effective implementation of the E-Levy. NCCE should quadruple national sensitization efforts in civic responsibilities.

When government expenditure keeps skyrocketing and productivity remains low, higher taxation results. The extensive aid that supports Ghana results from high taxation of people elsewhere. So why should we not raise taxes to propel our development? Paying tax towards self-sustenance is dignifying; effective utilization of taxation is the only realistic channel towards sustainable development. Yet, many Ghanaians fail to accept that. The agitators are not fighting for E-Levy tax withdrawal; they are viciously gripping the entrenched dependency mentality – expecting but not prepared to work/pay for services/development.

UTAG’s Strike: Some Upshoots

 

UTAG’s indefinite strike, which commenced on January 10, 2022, has hit many a pragmatic Ghanaian with a high degree of sadness laced with an equally higher degree of cynicism, not only for the timing but also due to UTAG’s apparent disconnect with the times. It is extremely worrying that the trump card in Teachers’ salary negotiation is constantly withholding the precious activity of knowledge creation and sharing. It works because no stakeholder wants to derail the academic calendar: Learners desire to either advance or complete programmes. Parents/Guardians do not relish any lingering time for paying tuition. The employer does not want to be unpopular. Basically, that trump card secures government’s acquiescence.

The paradox of that trump card is that teachers who ought to nurture students’ appreciation for critical learning rather model materialism, thus, trample the fundamental classroom rationale of prioritizing knowledge. Learners pick the materialistic mindset, which explains the disturbing trend of many growing Ghanaians simply wanting to take. That spirit of being entitled to, currently dominant among a bigger cross-section of Ghanaians, has emanated from the culture of always taking from government, even though government possesses nothing, but the resources taxed from the people whose intelligence and diligence are nurtured to explore and live by the natural endowments of the nation.

It is true that Unions must negotiate working conditions that align with current realities, even as the employer also strategizes to save revenue. There is also no gainsaying that every employee can do with a little bit of extra money, but all ought to occur within certain ethical lines and the realities of the times, otherwise the business of salary negotiation becomes mercenary. It is incumbent upon the government to ensure that the growing generations receive adequate training for future responsibilities.

Silent Indicators

In the January 9th online edition of the Daily Graphic, UTAG claims “non-determination of Market Premium (MP), an interim payment measure frozen in 2013 for a market survey to determine deserving beneficiaries. Its bone of contention is that the survey failed to resolve the issue. However, the Association also appears to be circumventing. What precipitated the freezing? Good communicators do not simply rely on information given; they also consider the implications of what is not shared.

Is the non-determination an omission or a hint that universities are short-changing the employer and job market? The worsening unemployment situation over the period due to graduates seeking jobs instead of creating jobs, compulsory entrepreneurship training notwithstanding, is not exactly an argument for teachers’ unique market relevance. Industry disparages graduates’ skills. The previous government may have suspended the MP, but the current government has had to initiate the National Builders Corps to enhance graduates’ skill in technology whilst temporarily engaging them across sectors. Additionally, it has had to establish an entrepreneurship programme for graduates and other youth, alongside skill development programmes, also accompanied by a solid ICT initiative for learners, all from the same national revenue, about 60 % of which goes to pay salary, teachers’ taking an appreciable chunk. Does UTAG – and other Teacher Unions – consider the adverse implications of those interventions when government takes over the training functions of learning institutions?

Elsewhere, universities invest heavily in Information Communication Technology to render teaching/training current to address employment mismatch. Contrarily in Ghana, government must enhance technological skills of graduates. In other communities, even traditional universities consider industrial retraining of graduates upon employment as an indictment and are strenuously exploring internships to make their graduates marketable. Ghanaian universities “churn out” graduates who are retrained en mass by the government. How is that a prime for a market premium. Is government’s persistent bowing to Teacher Unions’ demands fair to the taxpayer, a cross-section of whom are parents who pay for learners’ education, which renders them susceptible to underutilization, unemployment?

Government recommends that UTAG liaises with the Public Services Commission to train human resources for higher positions. The Association’s response is numbing: “How can such a National Agenda be attained if the CoS of the University Teacher keeps worsening year on year leading to an ever-increasing attrition rate on our campuses? (Emphasis mine) Instead of affirming its training capability, UTAG is using its “relatively poor salary stead” to justify its inability to develop capacity, as well as its unwillingness to collaborate to that effect. In other words, existing courses do not target competency and capacity building. UTAG’s admission legitimizes the recent allegation by a graduate that the [universities] are not offering formidable skills to students, which allegation received wide condemnation from the university fraternity.

By implication, teachers are deepening the unemployment situation of Ghanaian graduates. Ideally, before asking for more, one ought to have judiciously, effectively utilized available resources to maximum benefits. How does UTAG justify the relatively good working conditions enjoyed so far – and its quest for more – since it is neglecting capacity building?

Research

UTAG is angling for a raise in research allowance, glossing the poor research culture of the institutions. Currently, for many tertiary learners, research is plagiarizing existing material – labelled grandfather – or paying someone to conduct investigation. The scourge has infected a cross-section of teaching elements who barely possess research skills. Every year, major research funds remain untouched. Why does UTAG jump capacity building to focus on research allowance?

Indeed, one needs major funding for some investigations, but studies can also be conducted frugally. UTAG’s focus should be action and pragmatic research to unearth best practices to save the ailing educational system. Many Ghanaians scramble for overseas studies. In the 60 and 70s, those communities invested heavily in action research, which investment has yielded best classroom practices. Such communities maintain international standards in education, hence, their attraction.

Instead of making a capital allegation of meagre research allowance, why not collaborate with industry? In many countries, effective university research is largely rooted in industrial collaboration. Industry needs capable people to conduct research for innovation. Universities offer the best destination. By not developing capacity, UTAG is its own nemesis. It is only in the debilitating government-must-do-it-all Ghanaian system that universities constantly batter sitting governments for research allowance. UTAG should widen its collaborative networks across the globe, but success depends on high-powered research themes supporting the SDGs, human capacity for integrity and innovation, to mention two.

Skewed Negotiations

Government is partly to be blamed for its skewed negotiation culture, for its consistent failure to insist on diligence, for failing to drive a learner-focused bargain. The PM negotiation is conditioned on unique service, which relevance is not clouded in teacher knowledge only but made tangible through competent graduates. In the past decade, how have the institutions lived up to capacity building for the Ghanaian market? Considering that university teachers have already acquired knowledge and are teaching, how has that knowledge translated into graduates that employers desire? Government’s recommendation to UTAG to collaborate for higher capacity building is a poignant reminder of a very harsh reality. UTAG should not limit PM to itself, for a teacher’s relevance is linked to the learner’s eventual empowerment.

Holding learners to Ransom

Halving the PM equation to make it apply to UTAG only implies holding learners to ransom. The current reality in Ghana is high unemployment, low productivity and poor service delivery. At a time when universities annually “churn out” graduates, how does UTAG answer to dwindling capacity building, poor work ethics vis-à-vis universities’ core values and strategic plans for excellence?

It is time the negotiating paradigm changed to level the ground for government, teachers and learner, for learners’ interests to become an inherent part of the equations on the negotiating table. There are urgent reasons for that. If government paid better attention, it would pick the faint wails of the oppressed learner being submerged by handouts that have dethroned meritocracy in the classroom. Many teachers are speedily losing their grasp for developing learners’ capacity. Universities and tertiary institutions continue to play a dominant role in human capital development. The Ghanaian challenge is adding quality to training.

Currently, it is a harrowing experience to seek services from many in the country – from education through trading, health, building to agriculture – to name five. Both private and public universities in the country proudly “churn out” graduates, yet, performance and quality service delivery, especially from the younger generations, are simply appalling. It is a depraved situation calling for redress. Conditions of service do not exist in a vacuum; it is a motivation for teaching excellence. That dimension has been smothered. Government neglects that balance to the taxpayer’s peril. It will increase salary without the commensurate productivity, as usual, then turn round to fleece the taxpayer. Why is it that government and teachers eat sour grapes, and the taxpayer’s teeth are set on edge?